* If <math>Y</math> always decreases when <math>X</math> increases, it will be -1;
* If <math>Y</math> is totally independent of <math>X</math>, it will be 0.
These equations are referred to as the ''normalized cross-correlation''. There are typically used to pick out patterns in noisy signals. For example, in digital imaging, correlation can be used to find where an object is in a room. In our attack, we'll be looking for a our model (a pre-calculated pattern) in measured power traces (noisy signals).
= Attacking with Correlation =